๐ก๏ธ What is Content Security Policy?
CSP is an HTTP response header that restricts which scripts, styles, images, and endpoints a browser is allowed to load, acting as the primary defense against Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and data injection attacks.
โก Nonces vs. Hashes vs. 'unsafe-inline'
Using 'unsafe-inline' allows attackers to execute injected <script> tags. Nonces (random one-time tokens) and cryptographic hashes allow specific legitimate inline scripts while blocking unauthorized code.
๐ผ๏ธ Clickjacking Protection with frame-ancestors
The frame-ancestors directive obsoletes X-Frame-Options, specifying which parents can embed your page in an <iframe> to prevent UI redressing and clickjacking.
๐ Report-Only Staged Rollout
Before enforcing a strict policy on an existing website, deploy it as Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only with a reporting endpoint to detect and fix potential breakage before enforcement.